• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a centrifugal separator for separating mixtures into at least two fractions, especially one liquid fraction and one solid phase fraction, where there are permanently open outlets from the rotor for the fractions, there is a need for an automatic control of the flow of at least one of the fractions, especially the solid phase fraction. The invention provides in the outlet a vortex fluidic device which is of a type that does not separate the incoming mixture but which controls the flow by increasing same when the viscosity of the flow increases and vice versa. Thus, there is provided an automatic flow control; and there is a restriction of the flow without reduction of the flow area, which is important for the discharge of the solid phase fraction flow in this type of centrifugal separator.
    公开号:SU1024003A3
    申请号:SU802874408
    申请日:1980-01-18
    公开日:1983-06-15
    发明作者:Гуннар Ховстадиус Оскар
    申请人:Альфа-Лаваль Аб (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2. Separator pop. 1, which means that the height of the vortex chamber is 10–30% of the unit size. 3- The separator according to claim 2 and tout and with the fact that the vortex chamber 3 is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and its inlet is directed radially outward from the axis of rotation of the rotor.
    The invention relates to a centrifugal separator, intended for separating an incoming mixture of components, in particular for a centrifugal separator for separating mixtures of liquid and solid into at least one liquid fraction and one fraction with a high solids content, i.e. solid phase fraction. Separators are known that contain a rotor with a vertical axis of rotation, usually equipped with a series of conical separator plates, or a rotor with a horizontal axis of rotation, usually equipped with a screw conveyor belt 4 placed in the rotor and rotating at a speed different from that of the rotor, which makes it possible to transport TV The pre-phase fraction t is collected at the part of the rotor furthest from the center) in the direction of the axis of rotation to the orifice for discharging solid phases. Other designs of separators are known. There are problems associated with the optimal release of a solid phase fraction from a mixture of liquid and solid matter, from a structural and operational-economic point of view. This operation is carried out in many industries. The choice of centrifugal separator type is determined by a number of different factors, of particular importance are the solid content in a liquid, the particle size distribution of solids, and other properties such as different liquid and solid densities. substances and various abrasive properties. For mixtures of liquids and solids, in which the solids content is comparatively low, centrifugal with
    2 a parator with a vertical axis of rotation and a rotor equipped with circumferentially arranged openings that can be opened periodically. Such a centrifugal separator collects a solid phase fraction (called sludge in the most radially remote part of the separator, and this solid phase is periodically discharged through circumferential apertures. This centrifugal separator has a rather complicated and expensive design. If the solid content is in a liquid high enough, a centrifugal separator with a rotor equipped with a number of continuously open nozzles arranged around the circumference can be used. These are typically 1 mm in use. For example, for a yeast suspension. A disadvantage of centrifugal separators of this type is that the nozzle opening area must be limited so that the consumption of the solid phase fraction, such as yeast concentrate, is not too large, taking Attention is the high pressure usually prevailing in the nozzles (on the order of 150-200 bar) due to the high centrifugal force that is necessary to effectively separate the yeast from the liquid. This means that there is a danger of clogging. Therefore, there is a need for a certain control of the flow rate of the solid-phase fraction coming out of the centrifugal separator through the outlet, accumulating i at the outermost radially from the center of the part of the rotor. One of these problems is solved in a centrifugal separator equipped with channels connecting the part of the rotor furthest from the center of the center with a receiving chamber located in the lower, inner part of the rotor and equipped with a vent device, and the openings of the channels in the receiving chamber are provided with a valve and close these channels C2. In operation, the solid phase fraction (sludge) flows down through the channels into the receiving chamber, from where it is discharged through the discharge device. Such a centrifugal separator can be provided with a regulating means that evens out the variations in the amount of solids in the feed mixture so that the solids content in the solid fraction produced remains relatively unchanged. Such a regulating means may contain a sensor designed to perceive such a property as the viscosity of the produced solid-phase flow and act on the named valve through the regulator so that, opening and closing the openings of the channels, maintain the solids content in the solid-phase flow relatively constant. The use of such a regulating means often gives rather good results, but it is expensive and prone to damage. Another problem is that the rotors of some centrifugal separators are made of such a radius and are rotated at such a speed that the periodic flow through the nozzle around the circumference of the rotor acquires such a high speed that the solid substance is extremely abrasive, leading to damaged or even failing closure means on the outlet openings. This necessitates the need for certain devices for limiting the speed, which would not reduce the cross section. Even in cases where a centrifugal separator of this type is used to separate the mixture from the liquid components and is intended to enrich the components of the two liquid fractions with components, there is a need to regulate the flow of at least one liquid fraction in order to achieve the required level of enrichment by this component . Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a centrifugal separator containing a rotor, a separating chamber with outlet pipes of separated fractions, a receiving chamber located in the lower part of the rotor and equipped with a regulating means for the solid fraction. A disadvantage of the known separator is the low flow separation efficiency with varying viscosity. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of flow separation with varying viscosity. The goal is achieved by the fact that in a separator containing a rotor, a separating chamber with outlet pipes of separated fractions, a receiving chamber located in the lower part of the rotor and equipped with a regulating means for the solid fraction, this means is made in the form of a vortex chamber with a tangential inlet and a central outlet a hole in the upper part, while the inlet of the vortex chamber is connected to the separation chamber. It is advisable that the height of the vortex chamber be 10-3.0 of its diameter. Preferably, the vortex chamber is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and its inlet is directed radially outward from the axis of rotation of the rotor. Placing the vortex hydraulic control device (vortex chamber) on the rotor outlets allows the flow to be limited to devices of limited dimensions without reducing the flow area, which would create a risk of clogging. Hydraulic vortex control devices provide a fairly simple automatic control of the incoming flow with varying viscosity. In centrifugal separators that are provided with circumferentially arranged nozzles in the rotor, the vortex hydraulic control device is provided in the form of a nozzle in the outlet channel, preferably so that the main direction 4 as viewed from the spiral path through the rotation camera is radial. In conventional rotors of centrifugal separators, equipped with permanently open circumferential holes, the latter are directed opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor. The reason for this is that it is desirable to use the energy of motion, i.e. reactive energy, which would otherwise be lost when the solid phase fraction is released. When using vortex hydraulic control devices, the flow rate at the outlet is relatively low, and therefore there is no need or even the possibility of using reactive energy. The circumferential outlets of the rotor may have an axial direction, but this does not pose any particular problem for placing the vortex devices in the flow path. In centrifugal separators containing channels that are connected | 7N (the furthest part of the rotor with the receiving chamber at the bottom of the inside of the rotor is provided in each such channel of Bi xpeBoe hydraulic control device, preferably in the inside, facing: the axis of rotation of the rotor, t. When the rotation chamber is made with two flat ends, the most suitable is the variant in which the height of the rotation chamber is smaller than its diameter. Particularly good results are obtained in the case where the height is 10-30 1 shows the proposed separator, provided with circumferentially radial, constant open outlets with the said vortex control hydraulic device shown in one of the outlets, FIG. a centrifugal rotor with axial, periodically closing, circumferentially discharging openings with said hydraulic vortex control device shown in one of the discharging openings. ten . 3 longitudinal section; Fig. 3 shows a centrifugal rotor equipped with an outlet channel directed inward, in the internal opening of which a vortex hydraulic control device is shown, with a longitudinal section; FIG. - center-o (five-rotor rotor with a horizontal axis and an internal screw screw conveyor; moreover, vortex hydraulic control devices are shown in radial outlets on the circumference of the rotor; longitudinal section; FIG. 5 - vortex diode, view in lane / spec 6 is an enlarged, sectional view of the centrifugal rotor shown in Fig. 1 in Fig. 6, A-A in Fig. 6 is shown in Fig. 7, and a vortex hydraulic control device is shown in Fig. 8 with conical part in radial Fig. 9 is a graph of KOHi eHTpata flow rate versus dry solids content in tests of the proposed centrifugal separator, Fig. 10 is a plot of solid phase fraction versus dry solids content, as a final concentrate. -3) have centrifugal rotors that are rotatably mounted around vertical axis 1 and may have a traditional shape. As shown, in each case, the central stationary inlet tube 2 extends axially downward to the conventional conical distributor 3 of the rotor, and the working mixture from the tube 2 flows around the outer edge of the distributor 3 into the separation chamber 4 containing a set of spaced conical disks 5, as in o & y separators. The separated lighter fraction of the working mixture moves radially inward from the cavity between the disks 5 and flows upward into the drain. From a rotor 6, from which this fraction is drawn using a fixed outlet device 7, the simultaneously separated heavy pipe moves to the outer peripheral part 8 of the separator. cameras. In each of the rotors (Figs. 1-3), there is a vortex hydraulically controlled device (the vortex chamber is located in the outlet part of the path of movement of the separated heavy fraction. Figure 5 shows the vortex diode containing the inlet channel 10, the rotation chamber 1t and an outlet 12 communicating with a central outlet opening 13 formed in the end face 1 of the camera 11 of rotation. The second end 15 in this case does not have a central outlet opening. A vortex diode 9 (Figures 6 and 7 is placed on the outlet nozzle 16. The camera of rotation is oriented relative to but the outlet is such that the discharge flow has a radial direction.The axis of symmetry of the rotation chambers is parallel to the axis of rotation of the centrifugal rotor.Fig.8 shows a variant of the arrangement and design of the vortex diode located in the outlet of the radial direction.In this case, the axis of symmetry of the chamber 1, the rotation has a radial direction in the rotor wall, and the central exhaust port 18 is radially outward. A part of the rotation chamber with the outlet is also partially made in the form of a cone, whereby the risk of clogging by the solid entering through the inlet 19 is minimized. The centrifugal rotor of FIG. 2) has peripheral outlets 20 parallel to the rotor axis. Each of the outlets 20 is periodically closed by a conventional device 21. In this case, the vortex diode is conveniently positioned so that the axis of symmetry of the camera of rotation is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor. The flow rate of flow must be limited without reducing the cross-sectional area, and thus the problem of abrasive impact of solid particles on the closure means has been solved due to the high flow rate of its flow (which, in turn, depends on the high pressure prevailing in this type of centrifugal separator). inlet area of the outlets). The centrifugal rotor 22 (FIG.) Rotates about a horizontal axis and has an auger 23. The rotor is provided with circumferentially arranged radial outlet holes 2 with a hydraulic control device 9 located on the axis of symmetry of the camera of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor. Normally, centrifugal separators with a horizontal axis and a conveyor screw in the rotor are made with a rotor, which consists of a circular cylindrical part and a part in the form of a truncated cone. The reason for this is that it is desirable to transport the separated solid phase fraction (i.e., sludge) in the radially inward direction so that it can be released from the centrifugal separator without contacting the liquid phase. Theoretically, a rotor consisting only of a cylinder, provided with circumferentially discharged, orifices with a rather limited flow area, is possible, but it can hardly work due to clogging. Increasing the flow area in conventional outlets to eliminate this disadvantage creates an excessive flow rate, as a result of which the dry solids content in the discharged fraction is too low. The use of vortex hydraulic control devices makes such a design possible. the gift of a combination of a large section and a small expense. In a centrifugal separator (fig. 3, a rotor equipped with channels 25 running inward from the outermost part 8 of the rotor. Downstream of the receiving chamber 26 along the rotor, is provided with a vortex diode 9 on the inner opening of each of the channels 25. One solid-phase fraction is removed from the receiving chambers 26 through the discharge tube 27. The axis of symmetry of each rotation chamber is conveniently positioned parallel to the rotor's axis of rotation. This design allows the flow through the channels 25 to be limited without any danger of clogging. The centrifugal separator was provided with radial outlet openings located around the circumference, as shown in Figures 1.6 and 7, with vortex diodes. Their dimensions were as follows: input area - square 1.0 x 1.0 mm, height of the rotation chamber 1.0 mm diameter 7.0 mm, diameter of the central outlet of 1.0 mm. The rotor radius was 278 mm. The number of outlets 12. The rotation frequency was "700 revolutions per minute. In this test, the yeast suspension was centrifuged with different content of dry solids. Ra of FIG. 9 it is possible to see which costs (kg / h of the solid phase fraction of the yeast concentrate were obtained with different solids contents in this yeast concentrate. In FIG. 10, these results were recalculated for G kg / h of dry matter passing through circumferentially discharging orifices, with different solids contents in the output stream. “As can be seen from the curves presented, the flow rate increases as it passes through the discharging orifices provided with eddy Diodes as the solid content increases TV and, consequently, with an increase in viscosity. This means that with a change in the solids content in the incoming mixture, a certain automatic control of the flow rate through the outlets takes place, i.e. solids are large. Such regulation stabilizes the separation so that the content of dry solids can be kept relatively high even when the dry solids content in The blending mixture varies. According to the invention, the following advantages can be obtained in centrifugal separators of the type described. In rotors equipped with permanently open outlets for discharging the solid phase fraction from the rotors, the incoming mixture can be separated with a much lower content of dry solids than was possible before, without reducing the flow area of the outlets, which would lead to their danger clogged. By rough counting, the flow area can be doubled by installing a vortex hydraulic control device, as compared to known exhaust devices, without increasing flow, which increases reliability by reducing the likelihood of clogging. The automatic regulation of the dry solids content in the discharged solid-phase fraction can be obtained in a relatively wide range of changes in the dry solids content in the incoming mixture. It is also possible to have a higher solids content in the discharge stream due to the favorable ratio between the flow cross section and the flow rate.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    . 1. CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR containing a rotor, a separation chamber with nozzles for the release of separated fractions, a receiving chamber located in the lower part of the rotor and equipped with a regulating means for the solid fraction, so that, in order to increase the efficiency of separation of flows with varying viscosity, the control means is made in the form of a vortex chamber with a tangential inlet and a central outlet in the upper part, while the inlet of the vortex chamber is connected to g with a separator second camera.
    [2]
    2. Separator pop. 1, the difference is that the height of the vortex chamber is 10-30% of the unit diameter.
    [3]
    3 · The separator in accordance with π ,,. Ο.τ is that the vortex chamber is located perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor, and its inlet is directed radially outward from the axis of rotation of the rotor.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2060239A|1936-11-10|Centrifuge construction |
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    US3201036A|1964-08-11|1965-08-17|Dorr Oliver Inc|Three-product nozzle-type centrifuge|
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    SE436701B|1983-05-27|1985-01-21|Alfa Laval Separation Ab|DEVICE CONTAINING Vortex Fluid Distributor for Dividing a Blend of a Liquid Phase and a Relatively Heavy, Common Solid Phase|
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    DE3811619C1|1988-03-12|1989-08-17|Westfalia Separator Ag, 4740 Oelde, De|
    GB2238493B|1989-11-28|1993-05-26|Orkney Water Test Centre Limit|A method of regulating the overflow from a cyclone,hydrocyclone or similar device|
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    USRE38494E1|1998-07-13|2004-04-13|Phase Inc.|Method of construction for density screening outer transport walls|
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    US6511005B2|2001-03-30|2003-01-28|Fluid-Quip, Inc.|Bowl centrifuge nozzle|
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    SE526244C2|2003-12-11|2005-08-02|Alfa Laval Corp Ab|centrifugal|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE7900523A|SE427248B|1979-01-19|1979-01-19|Centrifugal separator with automatic flow control in the solid phase outlet|
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